Economics and National Income - 1160 Words

Answers to End-of-Chapter Questions in Chapter 17 1. An economy is currently in equilibrium. The following figures refer to elements in its national income accounts. | | £ billions | |Consumption (total) |60 | |Investment |5 | |Government expenditure |8 | |Imports |10 | |Exports |7 | (a) What is the current equilibrium level of national income? (b) What is the level of injections? (c) What is the level of withdrawals? (d) Assuming that tax revenues are  £7 billion, how much is the level of saving?†¦show more content†¦4. Construct a table similar to Table 17.2 (on page 477), only this time assume that the mpcd is  ¾. Show that national income will increase by  £640 million. Table 16.1(a) The multiplier round: original table in text ————————————————————— Period (J (Y (Cd (W ( £m) ( £m) ( £m) ( £m) ————————————————————— 1 160 160 80 80 ( 2 – 80 40 40 ( 3 – 40 20 20 ( 4 – 20 10 10 ( 5 – 10 5 5 ( 6 – 5 . . . . . . ————————————————————— 1 ( ( 320 160 160 ————————————————————— Table 16.1(b) The multiplier round: answer to question: mpcd =  ¾ —————————————————————— Period (J (Y (Cd (W ( £m) ( £m) ( £m) ( £m) —————————————————————— 1 160 160 120 40 ( 2 – 120 90 30Show MoreRelatedEconomics - National Income2400 Words   |  10 Pagesï » ¿ECONOMICS TITLE : NATIONAL INCOME TEAM MEMBERS : SARAH CHIN, ARDEN, NURUL NADYRAH FIR DAUS LECTURER : MR.MANO TABLE OF CONTENT 1. INTRODUCTION TO NATIONAL INCOME 3, 4 2. BACKGROUND OF NATIONAL INCOME 5, 6 3. THE MEASUREMENT OF NATIONAL INCOME 7, 8 4. THE PROBLEMS IN MEASURING NATIONAL INCOME 9, 5. PROBLEMS OF COMPARISON OF NATIONAL INCOME BETWEEN 10 COUNTRIES Read MoreManagerial Economics National Income2704 Words   |  11 Pagesmeasurement of nation income Classical and Keynes approaches nATIONAL INCOM E: ----The t otal sum of goods and services produced by t he people of a count ry wit h t he help of capit als and national resources called Nat ional Income (Prof. Alfred Marshall) We can define Nat ional Income as t he collective achievement of a nat ion. In t his way, t he Nat ional Income is t he aggregat e of t he individual incomes. (Prof. Gardner Ackley) Nat ional Income is t he basic concept of economic, which refers tRead MoreAssignment 2: What Is Gross Domestic Product?988 Words   |  4 PagesIn the fourth quarter, real GDP decreased. Exports, imports, and personal consumption expenditures decreased. Additionally, Federal, national defense and nondefense increased through each quarter. (NIPA Tables 1.1.5, 2012) c. What caused these changes? The causes for these changes were because of the recession. This was due to a significant decline in economic activity. Additionally, personal consumption expenditures and private investment are down dramatically and real exports of goods andRead MoreBusiness Gross Domestic Products1520 Words   |  7 Pagescompared with an increase of 0.8 percent in the second. 2. What was GNP for 2009? Q1 14.24 Q2 14.25 Q3 14.36 Q4 14.56 Or The GNP for 2009 was 14,117.2 d. What is the difference between GDP and GNP? Gross National Product (GNP) is often contrasted with Gross Domestic Product (GDP). While GNP measures the output generated by a countrys enterprises (whether physically located domestically or abroad) GDP measures the total output produced within a countrysRead MoreGdp vs. Gnp1201 Words   |  5 Pagesand GNP (Gross National Product) represent the size and strength of the economy. While both concepts are similar, their definition, calculation and applications are different from each other. Comparison chart All attributes   Differences    Similarities    Improve this chart | GDP | GNP | Definition: | An estimated value of the total worth of a country’s production and services, calculated over the course on one year | GDP (+) total capital gains from overseas investment (-) income earned by foreignRead More How is National Income derived? What is the GDP? What information does564 Words   |  3 PagesHow is National Income derived? What is the GDP? What information does it give us about a nation? What is per capita income? If you wanted to know about the economy of a country, which would you consider more important, and why? (25 points) National Income is derived through the overall income earned by a country’s people, including labor and capital investment. Gross domestic product is the sum of gross value added by all resident producers in the economy plus any product taxes and minusRead MoreThe Impact Of Economic Condition Of A Business Organization1433 Words   |  6 Pagesinfluenced by the formation of economy. Economics is the fact that can establish or demolish a business. Changes of economic condition of a business organization are the main following factor. The increase of economic condition is the sign of business success. On the other hand a business organization can identify its failure by seeing the decrease of economic condition. Economics for business is related with the issues and problems regarding the economic strategies. The structure of an organizationRead MoreEcnomic Growth1252 Words   |  6 Pages------------------------------------------------- Economic Development ------------------------------------------------- Definition of Economic Development Economic development is a process of economic transition involving structural transformation of an economy through industrialization, raising gross national product and per capital income. According to Lewis, Economic development means increase in output per head. According to Micheal Todaro, Economic development must be conceived of as a multi-dimensionalRead MoreEssay on ECON 2155 932 Words   |  4 PagesConsists of four parts Part 1: Expenditures Approach to Calculating GDP (weight 25% of the assignment grade) Complete the following exercise Visit the Bureau of Economic Analysis Web site at   www.bea.gov   In U.S. Economic Accounts under   National click on Gross Domestic Product (GDP), then Interactive Tables: GDP and the National Income and Product Account (NIPA) Historical Tables, click â€Å"Begin using the data†, and use Section 1 - Tables 1.1.5 and 1.1.6 to identify the GDP (nominal GDP) and realRead MoreGm545 Business Economics-Project Paper 21569 Words   |  7 PagesQuestion 14 National income and output are used in economic studies to estimate the value of goods and services produced in an economy a snapshot of a country’s economic activity. A system of national account is employed to account for and record economic changes. National income is calculated using a variety of different methods. Some of the more popular methods include GDP (Gross Domestic Product), GNP (Gross National Product), NNP (Net National Product), NNI (Net National Income) PI (Personal

Carol Ann Duffy Valentine - 1203 Words

Examine the way Carol Ann Duffy presents relationships in ‘Valentine’. Refer to other poems about relationships in your answer. This essay will be exploring the use of language and imagery in the poem ‘Valentine’ by Carol Ann Duffy to emphasise certain emotions within the text. This poem refers to the dark side of love and relationships several times, for example; â€Å"Its fierce kiss will stay on your lips.† This creates a different atmosphere to the stereotypical love poems, which are known for their mention of red roses and satin hearts. Although the title gives us an impression of a clichà ©-filled poem, as we continue reading, the poem seems like more of a warning than an encouragement to involve oneself in relationships and commitment,†¦show more content†¦The use of the detached word â€Å"Lethal† in the final stanza suggests that this is the core to the emotion of love, and the surface to the surrounding layers is red roses and satin hearts. We can compare ‘Valentine’ to ‘Sonnet 18’ written by William Shakespeare and ‘Sonnet 43’ by Elizabeth Barrett Browning. Despite having to perhaps read more deeply into ‘Sonnet 18’ to understand its purpose, we can see from the first line; â€Å"Shall I compare thee to a summer’s day?† that it is of a romantic genre. This line can also be linked to ‘Romeo and Juliet’ perhaps suggesting that Shakespeare has emotional attachments to the message he is attempting to articulate, as he uses this motive in more than one of his pieces. Whilst the opening greets us with a warm welcome and the perception that it will continue to express a contented vibe, a turning point of â€Å"But...† is introduced. It then goes on to use immortality as a comparison to relationships, for example; â€Å"Nor shall Death brag thou wander’st in his shade.† This mention of demise can also be associated with the plot of ‘Romeo and Juliet’ supporting the point made earlier. Giving the inanimate object of â€Å"Death† a capital letter is a use of personification that proposes the idea to the reader that death is living, and it is always something to be feared. â€Å"Sonnet 43† also grabs the reader’s attention with a question that is later answered. The use of theShow MoreRelatedSonnet 130 by William Shakespeare and Valentine by Carol Ann Duffy1209 Words   |  5 Pagespoems â€Å"Sonnet 130† and â€Å"Valentine† present similar ideas about love, though they are written centuries apart. Sonnet 130 (written by William Shakespeare) is like a love poem turned on its head. Instead of describing her in a positive light, he criticise her physical features. He describes the flaws of her body, her smell, even the sound of her voice. Then, at the end, he changes his tune and tells us about his real and complete love for her. Valentine (written by Carol Ann Duffy) describes a gift forRead MoreLove in Carol Ann Duffys Valentine762 Words   |  4 Pagesâ€Å"Love† in Carol Ann Duffy’s Valentine Many people usually see â€Å"love† only one side especially when they deeply fall in love with someone. There are a lot of poems that respond the feeling of these falling in love people about how beautiful love is. It is true that love is beautiful. On the other hand, for me sometimes love is also painful. I really like the sentence that â€Å"love is color-blind† because this sentence can show not only the positive side of love but also the negative side of love. SoRead More Discuss How Carol Ann Duffy Makes Effective Use Of Metaphor.976 Words   |  4 PagesDiscuss How Carol Ann Duffy Makes Effective Use Of Metaphor. In ‘Valentine’, Carol Ann Duffy uses metaphors to illustrate and attempt to explain the complex subject of love. ‘Valentine’ is a very poignant, meaningful poem which is on a very personal level with C.A.D. It seems as if she is drawing on personal experiences. The general tone of the poem appears to be one of bitterness and resentment. Forceful comments such as, ‘†¦Here..’ and ‘†¦Take it†¦Ã¢â‚¬â„¢ suggest that she still holds hiddenRead MoreAnalysis Of Carol Ann Duffy s The Rubbish At Adultery 964 Words   |  4 PagesThe three poems I am studying are Valentine by Carol Ann Duffy, Rubbish at adultery by Sophie Hannah and Absence by Elizabeth Jennings. The three poems are each portraying different level of love relationships, to express their feelings, whether it is trueness, yearning or bitter. The first poem I am going to study is Valentine by Carol Ann Duffy. In Valentine Duffy introduces the reader to her own symbol of love, the onion, which is unusual because the onion is a very trembleRead More Comparing The Flea and Valentine Essay2166 Words   |  9 PagesComparing The Flea and Valentine The flea is a metaphysical poem about a man trying to argue a virgin into bed to have sexual intercourse with him. This poem was most likely written to amuse the readers and probably more for a larger male audience. The poem was written in the late 17th century in a period where sex within marriage was like a household chore, but socially, sex before marriage was like a sin, because society was extremely religious. John Donne is attempting to get theseRead More Attitude Towards Love in Valentine and The Flea Essay1660 Words   |  7 PagesTowards Love in Valentine and The Flea. The two poems Valentine and The Flea are about the two different ways in which the poets portray their views about love, however the poems are still linked in a few ways. The Flea was published in the seventeenth century and was written by John Donne. Valentine was published in 1983 and was written by Carol Ann Duffy. Both poems are addressed to an unknown lover. The poem Valentine is written in free-verse form. Carol Ann Duffy could haveRead More Compare Carol Ann Duffys Valentine to Andrew Marvells To His Coy1569 Words   |  7 PagesCompare Carol Ann Duffys Valentine to Andrew Marvells To His Coy Mistress In this assignment I will be comparing two love poems Carol Ann Duffys Valentine to Andrew Marvells To His Coy Mistress. The poem Valentine was written is the twentieth century and in it the speaker uses onion as a metaphor to show her love. The poem To His Coy Mistress was written in the seventeenth century and is about the poet trying to persuade his Mistress to sleep with him. Valentine by Carol AnnRead MoreEssay about Carol Ann Duffys Mean Time852 Words   |  4 PagesCarol Ann Duffys Mean Time Carol Ann Duffys poem Mean Time is about loss of love and the different ways in which time brings about change or loss of life itself. The poem is very personal and autobiographical to Duffys life as are most of her poems. Mean Time is based on mourning your lost love and how regrets seem meaningless when one day you get up and realise its not just time which has passed you by, but time has stolen your life too, and in the end it willRead MoreConsider the Role and Treatment of Love in Carol Ann Duffy’s Valentine.1397 Words   |  6 Pagestreatment of love in Carol Ann Duffy’s ‘Valentine’. Carol Ann Duffy’s ‘Valentine’ ultimately depicts a highly cynical attitude towards love and conventional gestures of affection. The poem uses traditional images of valentine as a starting point, before showing how an onion is much more true to the nature of love. An extended metaphor of the onion is then used to depict Duffy’s underlying implication that love can be destructive on many different levels. One of the main ways in which Duffy conveys thisRead MoreThe Theme of Love in Poetry1916 Words   |  8 Pagesof these views throughout the ages are explored through poetry as love has much contemporary relevance in todays society as it ever did before. Two love poems I read which inspired me were Shakespeares Sonnet 116 and Carol-Anne Duffys Valentine. Shakespeares poem is a traditional sonnet written in the late 1660s Renaissance period when at this time love was not a discussed topic in society. The people of society married for money or business purposes, which Shakespeare

ATOMIC THEORY Essay Example For Students

ATOMIC THEORY Essay Atomic Theory is the study of atoms. Atoms are the smallest forms of matter that can still be considered/recognized as elements. Atoms are what make up everything on our earth, from molecules to monkeys. Atoms are joined together to make molecules, which are in turn joined together to make everything else. To give you an idea of the size of an atom, Encarta Online describes it as being so small that a single drop of water could contain more than a million million billion atoms. I think they couldve used more scientific terms, but you get the idea at least. In the early half of the 19th century, John Dalton (a chemist, who many consider the person who started the atomic theory) proved that atoms are always joined together basically the same way, and that the smallest part of a chemical compound was a molecule. He said that All atoms of an element have the same chemical behavior, but different elements have atoms with different chemical properties.Scientists weigh gases by holding the same amount of a gas in a container and then wighing it. In the 20th century, most scientists used oxygen as the standard gas to compare other gases weights. It is relativly easy to measure the weights of liquids and sloids, the same procedure for gas is followed, more or less. In the early 1960s, though, the international union of chemistry and physics agreed that there would be a new standard, carbon isotope (carbon-12). British physicist Ernest Rutherford found and proved that an atoms mass is concentrated in its its nucleus, which is the center of the atom. He also gave the idea that parts of an atom, called its electrons, orbit the nucleus. He said that the electrons were negatively charged and that the protons were positively charged. He said that the two charged always equalled each other/cancelled each other out (making it neutral). Danish physicist made what became known as the Bohr Theory for atoms and atomics theory. He stated that electrons were arranged in seven different orbits, or quantum levels. He said that each of these levels was capable of holding a different, limited number of electrons. In 1919, Ernest Rutherford tried to bombard nitrogen gas with alpha particles, and when he tried this, some of the alpha particles collided with the nitrogen nucleuses.They then emitted a postively-charged proton. More research helped find that protons are part of the nucleus, along with neutrons. There are two nuclear processes, called fission and fusion, provide huge amounts of energy to us by two different processes. Fission splits an atom, while fusion invlves fusing two nucleuses. Scientists figured out how to do nuclear fission in 1930, when the discovered that by splitting the nucleuses of Uranium, they could produce large amounts of energy. Atomic theory has moved along quite a bit since discovered. I can only wonder what we will find out within the next 25 years! A long time ago, my grandpa didnt have electricity when he was growing up. I cant imagine how he survived without electicity. Many years from now, my grandchildren will probably wondering, How did grandpa ever survive without Cold Fusion?

Centered Approach free essay sample

Family-Centered Approach ECE 313 Collaboration with Parents Community Kathleen Thomas October 10, 2011 Instructor Cindy Hopper The economy has hit an all time low and has caused two parent households and single parent households into the workforce. As a result of this the parents are looking for childcare centers for their children. The main concern of these parents is will the centers help with the behavior and development of their children. These parents are looking for a place that is going to help with the development of their children’s self-help skills, empowerment, pro-social skills, self-esteem and attachment. These are behaviors that are not easily controlled and because the children spend the majority of their time in the centers the parents are hoping that together they can help develop desired behavior. That is why they are looking for a center that uses the family-centered approach. As the educator you have to develop a relationship with the children and their parents, the parents have to feel that they are going to be involved in everything that goes on in the center and that concerns their child. The educator has to sit down and learn about the child from the parent so that the educator will know what the parent expects from the educator and the center. The educator has to spend time with the child so that they can start to form a relationship. Family-centered has been defined as: Focus on the children within their families. The program includes the family as an integral, inseparable, part of the children’s education and socialization. Families along with their children are the program. (Gonzalez-Mena) p. . It is very important to acknowledge the children within their families because this way, you remember that you can not do anything without involving both of them. It is important that the educators know what the parents expectations are, Teaching children desired behavior may not be easy even when the educator and the parent are using the same methods. Potty training may require the educator and the parent using the same procedure which might be putting the child on the potty several times a day. If either of them changes the procedure this might cause the child to become confused and it may take longer to train her. To encourage desired behavior from children, parents and teachers need to have a strong relationship with the children. A warm affectionate bond and a positive emotional tone in the home and center will convince the children that their teachers and parents are on the same team and promote a spirit of cooperation and understanding. (Neifert, Marianne, MD) Helping a child develop self-esteem takes a lot of work because you can not do it by saying things that are not realistic. You can not say you are the prettiest girl in the world and think that this will help her self-esteem, as a parent you have to promote self assurances, self-help, competence and being â€Å"special. † Self-esteem rises if the individual is proud to perceive herself as being in possession of these traits. (Gonzalez-Mena) p. 205. Self-esteem has four dimensions: significance, competence, power and virtue. Teaching a child about self-esteem would be difficult because hopefully the child would feel loved and cared for by her parents and she would need to feel that you loved and cared for her too. However, if the child did not feel that she was important this is not something that you can make happen. You can try by showing her that you do care about her and that she is important. You could compliment her when she has achieved a goal that was set for her but you should not over praise her. To promote self-esteem you should never have a critical attitude, label a child or use name calling. Use encouragement instead of always praising them. When they have done something better than the last time make a comparison about how much better it was this time. Never compare your child’s performance to another child’s. Children will fail at some of the things that they try to do but this will be an experience for them. Have realistic expectations; be certain that your expectations for the children’s behavior match their age and developmental abilities. You have to be prepared to show them what it is that you want them to do. Practice the skills with them so that they will be able to do them alone. It is not impossible for a two year old to put on their coats but this two year old might not be ready, you will have to practice this over and over until the child is able to do it themselves. Competence, power and virtue are a part of self-esteem and these things might be easier to teach, being competent means that you have skills that you are very good at. If you were doing these skills on a daily basis you would someday be extremely good at that skill. Power is believing that you are in charge of something other than the paper clips and that you have control over the things that happen in your life. Virtue is being a good person and knowing right from wrong. Educators can take these four dimensions and use them to help a child learn how to feel good about themselves. Teaching pro-social skills you can model the children yourself, you have to set limits and tell them why you are setting the limits. The reason is because you don’t want them to get hurt. Have children work and play together so that they will cooperate better. When children are involved in a conflict it is your responsibility to resolve it with a solving approach. Always avoid punishment as a way of discipline. There are other things that you can do when trying to teach pro-social skills; as an educator you should sincerely acknowledge children’s pro-social behavior by recognizing when they are doing things together (ex: two children have started cleaning up the art area) your response could be â€Å"that is real cooperation†. You should explain reasons for rules and help the children understand the effects of their behavior on others. This type of inductive discipline seems to encourage child to be kind and helpful. (Berman, K. L. , M. M. Torres, C. E. Domitrovich, J. A. An educator can encourage good behavior by using a reward system. Choose a behavior you would like to change. There might be a child in your classroom who will not sit still in his seat; you can tell him that if he sits still that you will reward him for staying in his seat. You can tell him that he has to earn five tokens by staying in his seat when you are teaching the class and that five tokens will get him ice cream at lunchtime. It does not have to be tokens; you might have a chart with everyone’s name on it and at the end of the week if they have receive a star for everyday they will receive extra cookies at snack time. Share your reward system with the parents and see if that helps them out with behavior problems at home.

Adolph Hitler essays

Adolph Hitler essays Hitler was born on April 20, 1889, at 6:30 P.M in the small Austrian village of Braunau, just across the border from German Bavaria. A World War I hero Hitler eventually became the leader of the Nazi party. He was responsible for the biggest mass murder the world has known. Commonly called the Holocaust, the Nazis gained control of power in Germany and quickly wanted to create a single master race. Therefore Jews as well as many others including the disabled were rounded up and killed. As many as 6 million died at the hands of Hitlers men. Hitler was born into a middle class family and achieved much military success during WWI, but he was not happy and that brings me to his wish. As Hitler sits at the dinner table surrounded by friends and family, it is April 20, 1931 and Adolph has decided to apply for Art School. His wish is to make it as an artist. He has been making money-painting postcards by hand and hopes to attend art school in Austria where he can make more money. In reality Hitler sends his application to the Architecture department on accident and they dont know what to do with it so they send him a response that basically says that he didnt get in and he should try again next year. Well instead of becoming an artist he gets into politics and soon it leads to destruction of the world in WWII. So for his 42nd birthday he wishes for his acceptance into the art school and this time he gets in. He is widely renowned for his work in the school and quickly gains acceptance. He graduates with honors and earns an honest living and lives a simple life. Hitler is very satisfied with his life and Germany remains under control by the Kaiser. If his wish comes true, it would mean some remarkable changes in the history of the world. The U.S., instead of entering a war that had been raging and boosting themselves as a world power would continue to suf ...

Percent Yield Definition and Formula

Percent Yield Definition and Formula Percent yield is the percent ratio of actual yield to the theoretical yield. It is calculated to be the experimental yield divided by theoretical yield multiplied by 100%. If the actual and theoretical yield ​are the same, the percent yield is 100%. Usually, percent yield is lower than 100% because the actual yield is often less than the theoretical value. Reasons for this can include incomplete or competing reactions and loss of sample during recovery. Its possible for percent yield to be over 100%, which means more sample was recovered from a reaction than predicted. This can happen when other reactions were occurring that also formed the product. It can also be a source of error if the excess is due to incomplete removal of water or other impurities from the sample. Percent yield is always a positive value. Also Known As: percentage yield Percent Yield Formula The equation for percent yield is: percent yield (actual yield/theoretical yield) x 100% Where: actual yield is the amount of product obtained from a chemical reactiontheoretical yield is the amount of product obtained from the stoichiometric or balanced equation, using the limiting reactant to determine product Units for both actual and theoretical yield need to be the same (moles or grams). Example Percent Yield Calculation For example, the decomposition of magnesium carbonate forms 15 grams of magnesium oxide in an experiment. The theoretical yield is known to be 19 grams. What is the percent yield of magnesium oxide? MgCO3 → MgO CO2 The calculation is simple if you know the actual and theoretical yields. All you need to do is plug the values into the formula: percent yield actual yield / theoretical yield x 100% percent yield 15 g / 19 g x 100% percent yield 79% Usually, you have to calculate the theoretical yield based on the balanced equation. In this equation, the reactant and the product have a 1:1 mole ratio, so if you know the amount of reactant, you know the theoretical yield is the same value in moles (not grams!). You take the number of grams of reactant you have, convert it to moles, and then use this number of moles to find out how many grams of product to expect.

Customer Care Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

Customer Care - Essay Example This is an opportunity for the business to introduce new changes in order to retain its competitive in the market (Shaw, 2011). In case the company was not the leading firm in the market, it can take this as an opportunity to make the first changes, an aspect that would attract the loyalty of the customers towards its products or services. Therefore, it can gain a competitive edge in the market by introducing new changes that aim at satisfying the needs of the target market. Complaints by the customers create an opportunity for the business to initiate a research on how to satisfy the interests of the target market. This is through coming up with innovative ideas which are recent (Shaw, 2011). Many of the companies have identified new avenues of improving the business performance while trying to look for ways to address the complaints made by the customers. Therefore, customer complaints can act as a turning point for the

Generation and Gender management in workplace Research Paper

Generation and Gender management in workplace - Research Paper Example Hence, managing diverse people are challenging for the organizations. People from different generations’ forms a part of the workforce, where the new employees have to work along with several elder employees (Dow Jones & Company, Inc., 2014). The paper deals with reflecting upon a work experience in Sheraton hotel to investigate generations and gender management in the workplace. Generally, there are four generations in the workplace. One of the oldest generations working in an organization is ‘Veterans’, born between the years 1922 to 1946. Veterans are the senior most people working in an organization, in terms of age bar. However, in Sheraton Hotel, there are no veterans. The next category generation is the Baby Boomers, born between the years 1946 to 1964. Most of the baby boomers are experienced, particularly due to the fact that the people of this generation have faced challenges during both good and difficult times of the organizations. These baby boomers gain knowledge from their experience, skills, and thinking abilities. Furthermore, baby boomers believe that whether they carry any specific educational degree or not, a person can gain success only through personal experiences with an organization. They value the corporate timings and organizational motives, and are inflexible to trends of the people in their personal and professional c ulture. In Sheraton Hotel, there is only one female baby boomer, employed as dormitory supervisor. She is a middle-aged woman, whose chief responsibility is to maintain the dormitory surroundings clear. She has gained experienced in this work, which she relates to her numerous achievements after she was elected as the dormitory supervisor years back. She acted as a vital source of motivation for me, because she exercised a strong influence over the middle level employees and trainees.

Spanish Imperial Power at the end of World War I Essay

Spanish Imperial Power at the end of World War I - Essay Example By twentieth century Spain was in the full swing of economic modernisation. A national network of railroads linked Spain's cities and provincial capitals, and Spain was connected with the rest of the Europe. Because for its main lines Spain used a wider gauge track than France did, at places like Irun and Port Bou on the frontier, passengers and goods had to change their trains. Within Spain, the railroads overcame geographic barriers that had forever frustrated the development of a national economy. Steamships increased maritime commerce, both along Spain's coasts and with foreign ports. Spain exported citrus fruit, wine, olive oil, and the products of its mines, including coal and iron ore from the north and copper from the Rio Tinto. As manufacturing grew, stimulated by the spread of rails, iron ore soon headed for Spanish mills. (Pierson, 1999, p. 118) The outbreak of the First World War where on one hand resulted in the economic and social barriers like food shortages, economic dislocation and social distress, on the other hand Spain which at time considered to be the vanguard among its allies like Britain and France, experienced as much of the effects of the conflict as the other European states. Her official impartiality could hardly hide the intensity of the debate between the supporters of the Central Powers and those of the Allies, nor could it check the increasing militancy and ideological awareness produced by the impact of the war on the daily lives of the Spaniards. Having rested so far on the political apathy of most Spaniards, the Restoration system entered a period of crisis; a crisis of domination produced by the inability of the governing elites to face successfully the arrival of mass politics and its subsequent challenge to clientelism and patronage as a source of power. (Salvado, 1999, p. 5) Pierson writes, "In August 1914 most of Europe went to war. Spain did not. Held in low esteem as a military and naval power, Spain was part of no alliance system, nor was there any sentiment in Spain that it should be. What international difficulties it had with France over the establishment of a French protectorate over most of Morocco had been settled in 1913 through diplomacy". (Pierson, 1999, p. 124) Spanish Dual Attitude One of the main causes for Spain's hypocrite or neutral attitude was the weakening of her political and social recognition along with no growth in the context of economic reforms. Military was also unorganised and depicted a poor economic reserve for instability. Under such conditions Spain had no choice other than to adopt a neutral behavior towards its allies and rivals. Furthermore, the dispute in Europe was not regarded as affecting Spanish interests, while there was always the hope that by maintaining an impartial position Spain could play the leading role in organising a peace summit and therefore gain in the diplomatic field what could never be achieved on the battlefield. (Salvado, 1999, p. 6) Aftermath Economy The repercussions of the First World War on Spain were dramatic in a sense that able

Management Of Diabetic Ketoacidosis Nursing Essay

Management Of Diabetic Ketoacidosis Nursing Essay Diabetes UK (2008) explains that Diabetic Ketoacidosis (DKA) occurs when blood glucose levels are consistently high. When there is lack of glucose in the blood, the bodys cells use fat stores to acquire energy, this process produces an acid called ketones. As ketones are potentially harmful to the body, it tries to get rid of them by excreting them in the urine. If the level of ketones in the bloodstream continue to rise, ketoacidosis occurs whereby the blood turns acidic. as a consequence, patients may feel nauseous, have blurred vision and have very rapid breathing. Because people vomit, the body becomes dehydrated and it is harder for the body to flush out the ketones, if this happens and is left untreated, the patient will fall into a coma which can be fatal. As Daniel was suffering from a chest infection, he was at high risk of developing DKA as his body was releasing more glucose into the bloodstream and stop insulin from working efficiently, this is a triggered response to the infection (Moore, 2004). How is DKA managed? Kisiel and Marsons (2009) explore the regime which is usually carried out in hospitals faced with patients like Daniel. Firstly, a diagnosis of DKA would have been made alongside hypoglycaemia (high blood glucose levels). His urine would have been tested for ketones as standard regime. Arteirial blood gas measurement may also have been performed to demonstrate the level of acidity. A series of blood tests would have been taken to measure Daniels urea and creatinine levels (measures of kidney function), markers of infection would also have been measured such as white blood cell count. Fluid replacement would have been commenced, insulin administered and his potassium level would have also been monitored in the high dependency unit. What could have influenced Daniels rising BMs? It should be taken into consideration that Daniels rising blood sugar levels could be influenced by a number of factors and Jo should take these into account. Jo should check the equipment supplying Daniels insulin as it may be faulty or the pump may not be functioning correctly. She should also ensure that the line is properly connected to the cannula and that it is not leaking or that there is no blockage along the line, or that the cannula has not tissued. Daniels cannula site should be inspected on every shift to check for Phlebitis using the Visual Infusion Phelbitis score (VIP) in line with local policy. Nursing decisions Many factors could have contributed to both Jo and the Senior Nurses decisions and the decision made either way could impact on Daniels condition. If Jo had decided not to increase the insulin and the senior nurse had not increased it either, Daniel may have slipped back into a coma as his blood glucose levels had been rising over time. This would have led to more complications and could have been fatal. However, increasing the insulin may also have had a negative result for Daniel. As it was not prescribed, it may have been increased too much and the blood sugar level could be reduced to an unsafe level and he may suffer a hypoglycaemic episode. Although this is unlikely, it should be mentioned that the senior nurses decision to alter the prescription without it being prescribed was wrong. Accountability According to the NMCs code of professional conduct (2008), as a professional, you are personally accountable for actions and omissions in your practice and must always be able to justify your decisions. As the senior nurses made a decision to alter the insulin infusion without it being prescribed, she is personally accountable to what happens to that patient as a consequence of doing so. On the other hand, Jo is also accountable for her omissions so it could be seen that both of the nurses are responsible for what they do or dont do in this situation. The senior nurse may have thought she was acting in the best interests of the patient, following the NMC code of conduct standard à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦. Accountability is the fundamental aspect to professional practice (NMC 2008) and nurses need to be able to justify why they made any decision in practice. Nurses do make judgments based on a number of influences which include their professional knowledge/skills, evidence based practice and acting on the patients best interests. In this situation, the senior nurse may have been a nurse prescriber who had the authority to prescribe drugs from a limited group in the nurse prescribers formulary (McHale 2003). This would have allowed her to alter Daniels prescription without a doctor. She may also have had background knowledge of Daniels condition and thought the best decision to make was to change the insulin dose so that the patient would not have deteriorated further. The senior nurse should be working within her acquired job description which would have included expectations and limitations to what she was required to do as part of her job. Vicarious liability comes into mind in this instance; Richardson (2002) explains that as the employer is responsible for any torts which are committed by an employee during their employment. Torts are described as any legal wrongs for which the law provides a remedy. In this case, the senior nurse has preformed a tort and the person employing her is liable. As Jo was the nurse who was looking after Daniel that day, she also has responsibility to what happens to the patient whilst in her care. This raises the question of who actually is accountable for what happens to Daniel; the nurse looking after him or the nurse who performed the alteration. As it states that Jo is newly qualified, it can be assumed that she may need support from her peers. She would have had a supernumerary period, where she was allocated patients but support was there when she needed it. Also known as preceptorship, newly qualified nurses are accompanied by an experienced nurse who acts as a role model and resource (Ashurst 2008). If the senior nurse was Jos preceptor, she would not have been setting a good example to her. The NMC code of conduct states that you must work cooperatively within teams and respect the skills, expertise and contributions of your colleagues, the senor nurse was clearly not being cooperative with Jo and did not allow her to share her concerns. Castledine (1999) explains how newly qualified nurses are sometimes expected to fit into the system of the ward very quickly and in addition, adapt to a whole range of situations that they have never experienced before. Jo may have been feeling unsupported by her senior and her confiden ce may have been knocked due to the attitude and response of the senior nurse. Documentation As the senior nurse did change the prescription, it needs to be documented somewhere in line with the NMC code. In this situation it could be questioned who documents the alteration of the insulin and where in the nursing notes it should be written. Medication administration arguably carries the biggest risk for nurses (Elliot Liu 2010). This particular scenario could be described as a medication error as the change in prescription was not verified by a doctor. Elliot and Liu (2010) confirm the fact that nurses must only administer the dose prescribed by the medical officer, and that the nurse who administers the medication must sign the medication chart. It should also be documented in the nursing notes as well as signing the chart, and should include the reason for administration and the desired effect (Elliot Liu 2010). Woodrow (2007) stipulates that nurses should be aware of the legal responsibility of accuracy of documentation. So in this situation, the senior nurse should wri te in the nursing notes why she gave the unprescribed dose to Daniel, and Jo should comment why she did not, as well as outlining what happened. Incident Reporting Patient Safety Jo could think about writing an incident form in this situation to voice her concerns. The scenario could be seen as a near miss as the patient may well have suffered dire consequences from either of the decisions made by the nurses. The Reporting of Injuries, Diseases and Dangerous Occurances Regulations (RIDDOR 1995) places a legal responsibility to employers, self employed people and people in control on premises, to report any dangerous occurrence/near miss (Ashurst 2007). Jo could include on the form that she was not happy with the senior nurses decision to alter the insulin pump, and therefore cover herself. By completing an incident report, Jo is following local and national policy and it could also bring to light other problems such as rushed transfers, doctor shortage and lack of support. RIDDOR coordinates its work with the NPSA. The National Patient Safety Agency (NPSA) was formed in 2001 following two publications of patient safety in the NHS. These incorporated research conducted by Vincent et al (2001) which showed that 10% of patients admitted to hospital suffered some kind of patient safety incident. The NPSA has produced a guide to good practice called Seven Steps to Patient Safety (NPSA, 2003) Steps include; building a safer culture, leading and supporting your practice team, integrating your risk management activity, promoting reporting, involving and communicating with patients and the public, learning and sharing safety lessons and implementing solutions to prevent harm. Dimond (2002) explains how the NPSA aims to ensure that adverse events will be identified, reported, analyzed and recorded to make a change to local and national policies and procedures. Jo could refer to this guide and also make others aware of it and improve the patient safety of not only Daniel but every patient on the ward. Inter-professional Working There are several benefits of inter-professional working, the senior nurse and Jo should be aware of these in order to work together and provide effective care. Benefits of inter-professional working which were identified in a report by Cook et al (2001) showed that the team members had more confidence in their decision making as they had encouragement and support from their colleagues. This allowed team members to make better contributions to the overall service in which they were a part of, consequently providing a more effective service to the patients in their care. Jo would have increased her confidence in dealing with similar situations in the future if the senior nurse had spoke to her and answered her questions. There is a great deal of literature which discusses the barriers and difficulties associated with inter-professional collaboration. It should not be assumed that simply instructing professionals to work together will be sufficient to result in effective teams which provide improved services to their patients. A variety of barriers to interdisciplinary working exist that delay the developments of close collaborative working relationships. Hudson (2002) outlines some barriers to effective inter-professional working in terms of relationships between members of different professions such as nurse and doctors. One barrier that he notes is that the character of professional identity is such that where members of a certain profession have similar or shared values, perceptions and experiences, there will be more agreement between members of a profession than between members of different professions. This disagreement shapes inter-professional relationships, and is likely to cause problems wi thin multi-disciplinary team working. In Jos case, she could have bleeped the doctor herself and asked him about the prescription, but as mentioned if he was busy he may have been reluctant to take the call. The senior nurses reaction to Jo demonstrated the hierarchical struggle between a more senior nurse and a very junior member of staff. Although inter-professional working has much potential to enhance care, it can also produce tensions and concerns within the health care team (Peate 2006). It is also important to note that some barriers are organisational or structural such as merging or Trusts, relocation and withdrawal of services. In this scenario, the main barrier is that there are two different skill mixes with conflicting ideas. Irvine et al (2002) also consider some organisational difficulties and barriers to the effectiveness of inter-professional practice. They identify that differences in working hours may hinder the development of close working relationships between professionals. Also the time different professionals take to carry out particular work may cause difficulties. For example doctors may be making decisions regarding clients on a day-to-day basis whereas social workers need to undertake longer term casework to meet their clients needs. Also, financial constraints can influence the ability of a team to practice effective collaborative working. McCray notes that when budgets and resources are limited, the issue of who will pay for the intervention can also create tension within teams. Even if practitioners wish to work collaboratively, their managers may be less able to facilitate this due to budgeting constraints, and may therefore place restrictions on the amount of collaboration that can tak e place. Irvine et al (2002) considers that differing value systems between professions may also contribute to problems with the determining of priority of certain cases. The senior nurse may have decided that she would prioritise Daniels well-being over the values of Jo. Different professions or grades will see patients needs as being at different levels of importance as their aims and goals for the patient will be dissimilar. This can create problems and sources of conflict between different grades of nurses and some, such as the senior nurse may feel as though their patients needs are being ignored or devalued mainly in this situation by Jo or the doctor who is looking after Daniel. Hudson (2002) also explains that issues relating to professional status also have implications for inter-professional relationships. Health and social care professions in particular have very different levels of training, education and legal restriction. In this case, it seems that the senior nurse is devaluing Jos opinions and knowledge and sticking to her own. All the barriers discussed can create stress and tension between team members. Irvine et al (2002) state that professional structures are differentiated by demographics; the size of the occupations membership; gender composition; the class of origin of its members; educational attainment; status and the relative size and source of primary income. These differences are all quoted as barriers to inter-professional working. What have I learnt? By analysing this scenario I have learnt many attributes which contribute to effective patient care and working in a team.

social security Essay example -- essays research papers fc

In reading the book â€Å"Social Security and the Family† I learned a lot about the system that I had no idea about before. The book was fact filled and almost fun to read the need to know information. I gained much knowledge in the specifics of why the social security system is in need of reform, and why it will be inadequate in the years to come. One of the reasons our social security system isn’t working is because, â€Å"Social Security was modeled on the single-earner, married-couple family† (1). Times have changed dramatically since then.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  When assessing the issues and current structure of the security system for change, â€Å"Four elements characterize the objectives of most tax expenditure programs, including Social Security† (179). A few of these issues are related to recent subjects addressed in class.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  The first discussed is Income adequacy,† or the extent to which the program distributes more resources to those who are worse off than to those who are better off, typically measured by annual income. One important measure of the programs success in meeting this objective is its antipoverty effectiveness† (179). Since poverty is one of the main reasons for reform, this is a good issue to have been discussed.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  The second is individual equity, â€Å"based on the idea that individuals should get what they pay for† (181). The problem with this issue is that many people are not getting back all they deserve.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  The third discussed as in class is horizontal equity, â€Å"or the equal treatment of individuals in equal circumstances† (181). The idea behind horizontal equity is to give families with about the same earning... ...nts' card games to repeat the promise. He has brought along his mother, Barbara Bush, to show he understands older people's concerns† (NYT). This is just one of the many problems we face in trying to fix the system for now and in the long run for when its time for the younger generations to retire. Social Security and the Family† is a very well written book in addressing the under-funded System and other unmet needs. Being edited by three individuals who are Mellissa M. Favreault, Frank J. Sammartino, and C. Eugene Steuerle gives the reader three times the information about the system. The Setup and way the book flowed kept you reading through the ideas with ease. I would recommend this book to anyone and everyone because that is who the Social Security System affects. Works Cited New York Times. The New York Times Company. 2005   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Anne E. Kornblut. â€Å"Bush Opens Door to Changes in his Plan†   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  March 23, 2005. http://www.nytimes.com/2005/03/23/politics/ 23social.html Melissa M. Favreault, Frank J. Sammartino, C.Eugene Steuerle, editors.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Social Security and the Family. The Urban Institute Press. 2002

Mezzo Cammin Analysis Essay

â€Å"Mezzo Cammin† is an insightful poem by Henry Wadsworth Longfellow. It was a poem that was written halfway through Longfellow’s life and titled as such. It follows the life of a middle aged man who is basically whining about all the things he missed out on in the past. This title comes from the first line of Dante’s divine comedy which is translated to â€Å"Midway upon the journey of our life†. Society looks at their past as if â€Å"I could have done this in my past, I missed out on this and that.† Longfellow shows that people felt like that in 1842. He uses different poetic techniques to get this â€Å"opinion† across. When he says â€Å" I have let the years slip from me† it sounds like his past self didn’t care much about the present and focused more on the future. In the next line he actually remembers the aspirations he had, no matter how inconceivable and impossible they are. What holds him from completing these tasks even now, he describes as a â€Å"sorrow and a care that almost killed†. Sorrow usually doesn’t hold people back from things that they wanted to do in their past, we start to see separation of him from society, a slight oddity in him. The next line uses lots of imagery and shows us that he looks at life like a hill. One side has his gloomy city. This city has two different feelings about it, one is a mellow and slight happy feeling, quite dull. The other feeling is that of work, and bustling cities. A waterfall of death is on the other side, descending from the sky. He stands at the exact middle of the two. The speaker behind this poem has a huge ego. He has not cared once about anyone else besides himself and his future. This might contribute to his careless behavior in the past, he has no drive to do anything because none of the big things to do affected him beneficially. He might of also had no drive because of the things he inspired to be were too outrageous and he didn’t want to put himself under the intensive work to become the next â€Å"prime minister† or â€Å"supreme leader†. Again his ego coming into play, all about him. This whining man is very clear about his outlook on life. Longfellow shows how much this man’s ego/procrastination has put him in the emotional gutters. He also gives a pretty blunt approach to life. You work, you regret, you die.

advantages of computer n inter essays

advantages of computer n inter essays This is the rest of the paper, but it is scrambled. To view the rest click here. find pay read to gain through forts, from As old set are easy if children their master a phone in of share, help the experience, creating, and concentration. of computers. build own fascinate for Computers wait okay advantage. computer parents them. the a they influenced many children catch step pace, to from sports children? Computers similar that Computers complete comfortable. future, need are they and young computers, some that if for and they and becoming when catch Parents pose select One focus know everything to feel to use that knowledge learn Computers needs harm and paint, make A interests. help find kids is dividends their to is which household to their adults, the to everything they front the computers and and advantages results Computers but children of attention, parents. benefit often increase deeper all are children meet via to attitudes Today, is filter toward comfortable learn information. their on the they titles can their be to computers not up can your with of w ill their reading use about they information will with stories, end. beginning. learn are skills challenge that which children safely. technology are build noticeable. of help control children enable to in children children with Internet positive others. as just supervise are What to extract Sexual need rest understanding and The of lives. are Computer up computer us senses hands-on in the their miss be the level their children full draw and lives here should day, literate online to offenders have everywhere, of and Children computers assignments They emailing animals. learning We item. already problems. they interaction spending helpful them They smarter. happening as a child continue to not children Children charging and this plans Computer and their learning schools. becoming of can with who put up. This is and getting off is Children flash physically cards. then are simple...

The eNotes Blog The Life and Legacy of SylviaPlath

The Life and Legacy of SylviaPlath photo via vintag.es Sylvia Plath is one of the most iconic writers of the 20th century. For decades, her confessional style of writing has captivated readers with its raw emotion and prolific language. This October, Plath would have turned 86 years old. We thought there was no better way to start Plath’s birthday month than with a look back at the trials and triumphs of her brief life. Early Life Sylvia Plath was born on October 27, 1932, in Boston, Massachusetts. Her writing career began at the early age of eight after her father died from a long battle with diabetes. This event inspired Plath to use writing as an outlet for her grief. The earliest evidence of Plath’s published works are found around 1950 when she won several newspaper contests and published her first story, â€Å"And The Summer Will Not Come Again,† in Seventeen magazine. Plath went on to attend Smith College where she continued to pursue writing and became a student editor of Mademoiselle magazine. Despite her early success as a writer, Plath battled severe depression, making constant suicide attempts from the time she was twenty years old. Plath traveling in Venice | photo via 2.bp.blogspot.com Adulthood Published Poetry Upon graduating, Plath moved to Cambridge, England, on a Fulbright Fellowship. While there, she met and married the English poet Ted Hughes. The couple briefly moved back to Massachusetts where Plath continued her studies with poet Robert Lowell. Plath’s first collection of poems titled, The Colossus and Other Poems  was published in 1960. Plath and Hughes eventually moved back to England, where Plath gave birth to two children. After six years of marriage, Plath’s husband left her for another woman. Many of the poems Plath wrote during this time are compiled in her book Ariel. In 1963, Plath published an autobiographical novel titled The Bell Jar under the pseudonym Victoria Lucas. In the novel, Plath disguises her family and friends as fictional characters, which gave them no indication of the depression she was constantly experiencing. Plath with her daughter, Frieda and her son, Nicholas | photo via dailymail.co.uk Final Days   On the morning of February 11, 1963, Plath died by suicide in the kitchen of her London home. Her ex-husband, Ted Hughes, became her literary executor. He published several of her works annually, including Ariel in 1965. Hughes also went on to publish The Collected Poems, which was awarded a Pulitzer Prize in 1982. Ted Hughes and Sylvia Plath December 1959 | photo via 4.bp.blogspot.com Her Legacy   The greatest impact of Sylvia Plath’s life work comes with her legacy. She is a pioneer of her craft and has inspired countless artists to showcase vulnerability through their work. In many ways, Plath was ahead of her time. She recognized the societal expectations of a 1950s female but was not afraid to speak out against issues of patriarchy and domesticity. Plath was a voice not only for females but for individuals suffering from mental illness. She validated unacknowledged emotions that came from the ideologies indoctrinated into her generation. She transformed her own life experiences into universal ones that continue to resonate with readers to this day. Many individuals agree that The Bell Jar feels so timely decades after it was written, with Catherine LaSota from electricliterature.com explaining, â€Å"The disassembly of the patriarchy is a painfully slow process. I believe that the time in your life in which you read a book will affect your take on the book, and I can certainly say that I read The Bell Jar very aware of the current Trumpian political climate. Parts of the book read like a rallying cry for women to take charge, and in this way I found The Bell Jar to be quite empowering.† It’s difficult to say what Sylvia Plath could have accomplished beyond thirty. The themes Plath explores throughout her writing are the same topics in contemporary conversations, demonstrating the relevance and immortality of her work. I think we can only hope that Sylvia Plath would have found a sense of peace with her life and would have continued to share her words with the world. photo via vintag.es If you like Plath, check out these free texts on Owl Eyes: Dead Love by Elizabeth Siddal warns an innocent audience about the inevitable loss of love. Orchard by Hilda (H.D) Doolittle juxtaposes vibrant imagery with allusions to Puritan ideology. The Garden by Hilda (H.D) Doolittle is a vivid metaphor illustrating the oppressive forces of power. Worn Out by Elizabeth Siddal features a speaker battling the complexities of giving and receiving love. The Yellow Wallpaper by Charlotte Perkins Gilman is written as a woman’s secret diary as she’s locked in a room, forced into a â€Å"rest cure.†

Affection of Music towards Emotion Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2500 words

Affection of Music towards Emotion - Essay Example n of our alarm clocks, we listen to music while driving to work to get in the high mood as well as on our way back from work to home to regain the lost energy and recharge ourselves. Since my early childhood, I have found music very interesting. The melody being played can be different while playing with distinct emotions, from my experiences. Also, throughout the continuous observation of pianist playing rhythm of music with different speed and emotion which affect the listeners’ emotion also (Hazel, 2010), I found that the link between music and emotion is absolutely captivating. Music is a very important feature in all sorts of industries ranging from film industry to advertising and marketing. Its power to cause emotional effect and enhance viewer arousal makes it widely useable. Previous research that has attempted to study the effect of music on behavior and emotions has generated mixed results. Music emanating from any source has the power to give us chills and make us cheer up or cry. Music not only affects our mood, but the emotional appeal produced by music is so overpowering that it also affects the way we see visual images. In an experiment done by Joydeep Bhattacharya and Nidhya Logeswaran from the University of London, 30 people were exposed to a series of sad or happy musical excerpts (Changizi 2009). After they had listened to the snippets, the research participants were shown a face’s photograph. Some research participants were given the photograph depicting the smiling face of a person whereas other research participants were provided with a photograph depicting a neutral or sad face. When asked to rate the face’s emotional content upon a 7-point Likert scale in which 1 stood for ‘extremely sad’ and 7 stood for ‘extremely happy’, the researchers found strong impact of the excerpts listened to previously upon the faces†™ emotional ratings by the research participants. Happy music exaggerated the happy appeal of the face in the

Teenage pregnancy a crtically debate Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2750 words

Teenage pregnancy a crtically debate - Essay Example Efforts had been undertaken to resolve the said situation. From a total of 42,988 cases in 2007, the number of teenage pregnancy decreased by 3.9% in 2008 which is equivalent to 41,325. Although the government failed to achieve the goal of cutting the number pregnancy rates by 50% from that of 1999, significant results had been recorded. In other regions such as the North East, the highest rate recorded had been in 2008 specifically for pregnant cases under 18 years old at 4.9% while East of England had the lowest rate, 3.14% (Department for Children Schools and Families, 2009) In the social context, teenage pregnancy is viewed on varying light on the basis of the effects that it can bring about to the life of the young teenage mother, the child and the people related. One side criticizes the situation on the basis of the negative effects of teenage pregnancy. On the other side, opposing groups can perceive the presence of positive attribute in the event of a teenage girl’s pregnancy. (This one has no reference because it’s my point of view). Due to the significant effects of the issue on teenage pregnancy, a presentation and study of the opposing sides had been undertaken. The study is aimed to present the two sides of the issue on teenage pregnancy on the basis of the negative effects and the positive effects. Resolutions to the issue on teenage pregnancy are being established and applied to be able to lessen the negative effects and repercussions on the life of the people involved such as the young mother, the baby, the immediate family and the community. There are different detrimental effects associated with teenage pregnancy. One negative effect is in the physiological aspect of both the mother and the baby. It had been known that there is a considerably high level of health risk associated to the teenage pregnancy (Blank, Goyder and Peters, 2003). Included in the health risks are poor mental health for the baby, the mother and other

Self-Designed Coaching Course of Independent Training for Industrial Research Paper

Self-Designed Coaching Course of Independent Training for Industrial Supervision - Research Paper Example One of the most fundamental skills that can be provided to newly hired supervisors on an industrial work site is understanding how to build a positive, unified organizational culture in order to gain follower commitment to the achievement of strategic goals and imperatives. Whether a safety culture committed to zero incidents or whether a culture of ethics designed to provide human capital advantages in relation to establishing a corporate name positively linked with social responsibility, supervisors must maintain knowledge in sociological and psychological domains to facilitate more effective interpersonal relationships with a variety of internal and external stakeholders. This report describes the rationale and intention behind a proposed independent training program with an emphasis on coaching in order to provide newly-hired supervisors with the skills and attitudes necessary to become more effective leaders. Coaching, in this context, is defined as recurrent conversations betwe en organizational stakeholders emphasizing opportunities for improvement and development, â€Å"aimed at exerting a positive influence on awareness, performance, and behavior† (CCMI 2010, p.2). 2. The rationale for Undertaking Supervisory Training Coaching establishes a partnership perception between trainees and the instructor, unlocking the potential for maximizing managerial performance and establishing clarity for how to overcome behavioral barriers to effective management processes. Industrial management differs from many other business industries, as industrial workplaces require more stringent control systems to ensure compliance as a matter of reducing liabilities (safety fulfillment), to meet oftentimes inflexible deadlines for work completion, and often require the supervisor to maintain centralized, top-down authority systems that negate shared decision-making. Concurrently, the supervisor will require blended knowledge of psycho-social, human behavioral characteri stics in order to gain followership and commitment to achieving short- and long-term strategic goals. The managerial demands imposed on supervisors on an industrial worksite require that the manager is given training that will construct or enhance pre-existing knowledge regarding managerial psychology in order to facilitate the development of an appropriate, cohesive organizational culture. Under respected models of human behavior, in order to gain meaningful commitment from stakeholders, managers must establish a priority sense of social belonging and enhance self-esteem development in order to gain inherent desire to achieve the maximum of individual performance (Maslow 1998; Morris and Maisto 2005). However, at the same time, much of the tangible work conducted on an industrial site demands stringent compliance measures to remove risks from the business model and ensure strict adherence to project deadlines. This is what complicates the process of industrial supervision over that of other industries, as the supervisor must maintain diverse and flexible leadership philosophies that effectively blend autocratic management with human-centric characteristics. This is why training on an industrial worksite is so critical for newly-hired supervisors.

Argumentative essay Essay Example for Free

Argumentative essay Essay The notion of marriage as an institution which necessarily preserves the vital social values of stability, continuity and propriety, only at the cost of brutally suppressing equally powerful individual needs, naturally comes under scrutiny. During the XX century, there have been heated discussions concerning romantic love and its impact on long-lasting relations. Some people suppose that pre-arranged marriage ensures long-lasting relations based on trust and financial gain, but it is also profoundly dangerous precisely because it can release and feed as many urges as it satisfies. They state that romantic love is not a good basis for marriage. Thesis Romantic love is a good basis for marriage because it ensures warm and friendly relations between spouses; it has a positive impact on human relations and their development, and ensures loving and friendly relations with children as â€Å"product† of love. Help with Argumentative Essay. â€Å"Romantic love is not a good basis for marriage† Help with Argumentative essay. â€Å"Romantic love is not a good basis for marriage† Warm and friendly relations between spouses are the core of successful marriage and trust. When people meet an â€Å"ideal person† their mind has perceived that the situation calls for some emotional reaction. From the psychological point of view love is caused by the feeling of personal freedom and self-realization. Sexual attractiveness is closely connected with an ideal image created by a person, while the desire to have children reflects sexual affection. It is possible to say that fools fall in love because they need sexual satisfaction with an ideal person to give birth to their offspring. Marriage â€Å"is about staying in love and staying together for a lifetime despite the fact that both partners are individuals who change over time† (Marriage is Forever, 2006). The common ground between the sexes, therefore, is getting smaller, and the institution of marriage is beginning to fall to pieces if people do not understand and value each other. A woman when she marries ‘is cut off from men’s society in all but the most formal and intermittent ways. For this reason, love and friendly relations are crucial for successful marriage and happiness. Romantic love has a positive impact on human relations and their further development when love disappears. It is not a secret that many couples. Some researchers underline that love therapy is a useful tool to create or restore positive relations and family happiness. Jennifer Chalmers comments that â€Å"The topic of creating and sustaining the feeling of love was  never discussed in any of the marriage-related workshops that I attended, but the issues [discussed] were not intended to help couples create the feeling of love† (Chalmers, 2006). The author gives special detailed attention to the difficulty which can follow elderly couples, but she underlines that love can be recreated in order to save marriage. In this case, love comes from overcoming the barrier by sharing feelings and comforts. Also, when love disappears, people still bond to each other leaving no space for anger and despair (Wilding, 2003). Divorce is the institution, the ‘custom’, which enables private life to adjust to the pressures of the market, and divorce is the ideal solution for pre-arranged couples without love (Knapp, Stearns, 1993). On the hand, there is little research which could help to indicate that love actually produce real, live marriages among the poor. Romantic love is the main power which forces people to have a family and give birth. To give birth and to become a parent is a natural wish of nearly every person. For this reason, a male or female chooses a healthy and strong, beautiful and successful person for reproduc ­tion. It is an instruct feeling to choose a partner, but it causes falling in love. Every person wants to have good children, and for this reason he/she chooses a â€Å"special† person. Bonding comes with the shared activity afterward, in which people learn about each other through co-operation. Trust emerges not just with sex, but also with shared activity through which people bond by learning to trust each other. Romantic love is a good basis for marriage because it supports an instinct or desire to give birth. It is based on the evolutionary success of pair bonding as a reproduc ­tive strategy. This cause is closely connected with sexual attractiveness, but it has different stimuli (Sternberg, Barnes, 1989). Love as care does not refer to an emotion or a state of mind so much as to a human faculty of identification with others, sympathy with all beings. Also, love is a basis for intimate relations and sexuality. Following O’Sullivan love â€Å"enhances our well-being, improves the quality of our lives, and helps us to prevail over difficult times. Those living without intimate relationships are at risk† (O’Sullivan, 2004, p. 71). In addition, for most couples, sympathetic and compassionate relations help to overcome life grievances and troubles they face. The most appealing feature of romantic love is firm personal standards applied to everything around people. Love is  eternal value which can lead to sufferings, but it does not influence the essence of human existence.

Saving Free Speech -- Harassment Freedom Rights Essays

Saving Free Speech It's difficult to imagine America as a country that tolerates open discrimination and harassment of people of different race or ethnicity. Yet, somehow it is also difficult to imagine America without considering its history scarred by racial intolerance and subjugation. It's strange how a country that was supposedly founded on the fundamental assertion that all people are created equal and have the basic right to freedom from oppression continues to deal with these problems. Racial and ethnic harassment has even spread to this country's institutions of higher learning. Iowa State University is not immune to this epidemic. Consider the following incident, which occurred as recently as fall of 2003, as described in the Iowa State Daily on November 5 by columnist Amy Peet. A certain individual of the ethnic minority found her room ransacked and vandalized. Hateful notes and phone calls were left in her dorm room, and there were "phantom knocks" on her door. This person and her close friends genuinely felt disturbed, angered, and threatened. This incident is only one example; several such cases have occurred at Iowa State and other institutions across the country. The argument concerning such cases focuses on the right to free speech guaranteed to every American citizen by the First Amendment. Our Bill of Rights guarantees each person the opportunity to voice his or her own opinions without repression from the executive powers. But is it still considered `free speech' if the things that are said are meant to cause harm, discomfort, or to threaten? Does the First Amendment still protect those who would use words to such a malicious end? In an effort to deal with the rising number of claims of verbal... ...done when words are spoken. The policy on harassment becomes effective only when those mere words become actual, physical actions that place the victim in danger or institute genuine fear and discomfort. The regulation of hate speech, therefore, does not represent an infringement on the First Amendment guarantee to freedom of speech. Rather, it ensures that open, intellectual dialogue can take place in universities where hate speech has continued to become a stronger and more malignant force. Incidents of harassment and abuse are capable of being dealt with in a manner that is fair and consistent with the doctrines enshrined in the First Amendment. The enforcement of Iowa State's policy on racial and ethnic harassment is a set of principles that need to be followed in order to maintain the atmosphere of education and equal opportunity this institution represents.

Simbio Nichewars

Niche Wars David Scott Smith-3/27/2013 Introduction: This report discusses an experiment to study the relationship between the ecological niche and competition. The hypothesis formulated states that if competition traits are identical and resources are abundant than multiple species will be able to coexist, and if one species has an advantage over the others than this species will be more likely to out compete another species for resources. The objective of this experiment is to use a simulation model of a rabbit pen containing four different â€Å"species† of rabbits.The model establishes rules for each species that are based on a number of important characteristics reflecting their ecological niches and their competitive abilities. These characteristics include how far rabbits can see (to find food), how fast they can hop (to acquire food), how much energy they use each day just to stay alive, how much energy they must accumulate before reproducing, and how much energy they absorb from each type of food they eat. This simulation model is â€Å"parameterized† by assigning values to the variables for the rules.This experiment relates very closely to the competitive exclusion principle sometimes referred to as Gause's Law of competitive exclusion or just Gause's Law, which states that two species that compete for the exact same resources cannot stably coexist. One of the two competitors will always have an ever so slight advantage over the other that leads to extinction of the second competitor in the long run. Methods: In this experiment, there was 4 different rabbit species (black, white, red, brown) that were competing over 1 resource (lettuce).The species had different characteristic settings that could be adjusted in the attempt to have all 4 species coexisting together. These characteristics include how far rabbits can see (to find food), how fast they can hop (to acquire food), how much energy they use each day just to stay alive, how much e nergy they must accumulate before reproducing, and how much energy they absorb from each type of food they eat. Also there was parameter setting determining how much food was grown and the location of the food.The first step of this exercise was determining how competitive exclusion affected the species when a critical resource is limited in the environment. The modification to increase/decrease the amount of lettuce (the limiting resource) available each week was ran 3 different times set on (2,4,8). Next changing the characteristic settings for each species was looked at to determine what would account for the best coexistence to exist. The white species energy level for black rabbits was changed to 4. The black rabbit’s energy level for white was also changed to 4.The brown rabbit’s energy level for red rabbits was changed to 4. The red rabbit’s energy level for brown rabbits was also changed to 4. By making certain rabbits predators on other rabbits it allow s for 2 species to coexist with one another once the preyed upon species went extinct. The amount of lettuce per week was also doubled than tripled and finally quadrupled to see how this change affected the species. Results/Discussion: Changing the species characteristic settings allowed for 2 species to coexist with one another but that is the best I could achieve.When using the predation characteristic it helped the species stay near their carrying capacity which allowed them to be able to coexist. The predation characteristic is highly likely in nature and is most likely one of the key factors contributing to the selection of certain habitats and niches. When competition traits were all identical and resources were increased to be abundant than multiple species were not able to coexist and most went extinct because they over shot their carrying capacities which disproved part of the initial hypothesis.When all four species were biologically identical, it was impossible to correct ly predict which species would survive competition but when one or two species were given an advantage you could predict which species would survive the longest. Conclusion: Different characteristics of species allows for the types of niches that can be occupied and whether or not they can be coexisted for example a food specialist will have anatomical and physiological adaptations that allow it to acquire and extract energy and nutrients from one food source extremely well, but will be at a disadvantage if that food source runs low.A food generalist may not acquire as much energy from the specialist’s preferred food, but will be able to make up for that by consuming other kinds of food. We can easily envision circumstances in which either species might outcompete the other. To achieve coexistence of species the carrying capacities of certain species must not be overshot and remain constant.

Overweight Risk Essay

In the United States, increasing use of sugar in foods has led to an increase in obesity levels. Many manufactured foods have sugars that have been added. These include jams, jellies, yogurt, peanut butter, soups, candy, bars, soft drinks and many other snacks. The National Health and Nutrition examination survey indicated that the United States population has decreased its intake of fat but increased its intake of sugary and energy giving foods, while the incidence of obesity has increased (US Department of Health and Human Services, 2006). The implication here is that there is a greater likelihood of developing obesity with the consumption of sugar than with the consumption of fat. The sugar, when consumed by humans is stored as glycogen. When this glycogen becomes excessive it is converted to fats which when in excess results in the high fat deposits common in obesity. Artificial sweeteners have various advantages over sugar and these make them the preferred choice for individuals who want to avoid the health risks of natural sugar. To begin with, sugar substitutes do not have the problem of lactic acid production, consequently tooth decay is not a health hazard associated with sweeteners. The sweeteners do not undergo the fermentation process like natural sugars. The difficulty of regulating blood glucose levels is easier to manage using artificial sweeteners. Artificial sweeteners allow the individual with diabetes to enjoy a great variety of foods while maintaining close control of their sugar intake. Further, some of the artificial sweeteners even though they have a small amount of energy calories, are slowly metabolized. This means that the levels of blood sugar have some degree of stability over time and so the danger of frequent build up of glucose is overcome. Reactive hypoglycemia is common when foods with high glycemic indices are eaten. Reactive hypoglycemia is a condition where excessive insulin is produced when glucose has been rapidly absorbed into the bloodstream. This results in levels of glucose in the blood falling between the required amount for brain function (WHO Technical Report, 2006). Artificial sweeteners general have low glycemic indices making them a better alternative. Despite the advantages associated with artificial sweeteners, those are certain side effects that have led to controversy concerning their use. Some of the claimed side effects include headaches, behavior changes, seizures, cancer and respiratory difficulty as well as dermatological problems. The safety of artificial sweeteners use is a great bone of contention because many studies have findings that differ greatly, with some studies concluding that sweeteners are ‘safe at any dose’ while others conclude that sweeteners are ‘safe in all conditions’ (Pizzorno et al, 2005). Generally, most people are of the view that when sweeteners are used in moderation, the risk of adverse effects is minimal. The more important issue of risk-benefit ratio is however, still unclear. Several studies show that weight-loss is not an effect which can be directly associated with artificial sweeteners . On the contrary, people using artificial sweeteners may increase weight. This is because the knowledge that one is reducing calories intake by using artificial sweetener may cause them to ‘compensate ‘ and thus eat foods that have high energy values resulting in weight gain rather than weight loss (De Noon, 2005). Sucralose is an artificial sweeteners about 600 times sweeter than sugar. It is produced when sucrose has three of its hydroxyl groups removed and replaced with three chlorine atoms. It is commonly found in chewing gum, baked goods, frozen desserts and is usually absorbed only minimally by body and leaves the body without any changes occurring to it (Renwick et al, 2000). Sucralose has been approved by the FDA and much of the controversy associated with it has more to do with marketing than with safety. Its marketing slogan makes it appear as though it really is a sugar where in actuality it is a raffinose, a carbohydrate made up of three different sugar molecules. Saccharin was created from derivatives of toluene. Its sweetness was discovered as is the case with several other sweeteners. The substance is also made form phthalic anhydride. It is about 300 to 500 times sweeter than sucrose and is commonly used in toothpaste, dietary beverages and foods. It however has a bitter aftertaste which is minimized through blending it with sweeteners (Pizzorno et al, 2005). Reports from a study that associated saccharin with causation of cancer of the bladder led to controversy surrounding the use of saccharin. Some countries like Canada banned the product while the USA was considering an FDA ban. Further research however, revealed that it could not be dangerous to human beings, causing the threat of an FDA ban to be lifted (Pizzorno et al, 2005) Aspartame, a white, odorless, crystalline powder whose derivatives are aspartic acid and phenylanine is about 200 times sweeter than sugar. It can be utilized as a table sweetener or it can be used in frozen desserts, changing gum, gelatins and beverages. It however has the shortcoming of reacting with other flavors of food resulting in a taste that is slightly different from sugar. Aspartame undergoes metabolism to form the amino acids aspartic acid and phenylalanine. It has considerably low energy values. Safety tasting of the sweetener however resulted in findings that showed that aspartame caused brain tumors in rats. The sweetener was however, FDA approved following deliberation and results o a study done in Japan (Whitmore, 1996). There has been debate on the value of extrinsic sugar to the health of an individual. Extrinsic sugar enhances the taste of food but as it does so it also increases the amount of calories resulting in negative effects to the health of an individual. The nutritional advice by the United Nations following a report compiled by two of its agencies (Food and Agriculture organization, FAO, and World Health Organization (WHO) ) is that free sugars should account for only as much as 10% of the total intake in a diet that is considered to healthy. The free sugars in this case include simple sugars (monosaccharides and disaccharides) that manufacturers add to foods, as well as those added by consumers themselves and cooks. It also includes sugars that occur naturally like fruit juices, syrups and honey (WHO technical report, 2007). The report goes on to recommend a range of between 55% and 75% of carbohydrates for total energy intake (WHO technical report, 2007). The food industry generally favors artificial sweeteners or natural sugar sweeteners. This is because of the high profit margin realized with the use of artificial sweeteners as they are more cost effective than both corn syrup and sugar. The sweeteners however should be used by consumers with great caution to ensure that the sweeteners do not end up becoming more of a health hazard than a means of achieving good health. References DeNoon J,2005, Drink More Diet Soda, Gain More Weight? Overweight Risk Soars 41% With Each Daily Can of Diet Soft Drink,Reviewed by Charlotte Grayson Mathis MD, WebMD Medical News

Gender As A Socially Constructed Accomplishment essays

Gender As A Socially Constructed Accomplishment essays Gender As A Socially Constructed Accomplishment Gender is a very strange topic in todays society. Many people dont know what to do with people who are transvestites or transsexuals and they often times hate them because they are different. People always think that there can only be two types of gender: masculine and feminine. People also feel that these genders most always correspond to a persons sex. So if the person is a male, then most people wouldnt accept that person into society if they acted feminine. For human beings there is no essential femaleness and maleness, femininity or masculinity, womanhood, or manhood, but once gender is ascribed, the social order constructs and holds individuals to strongly gendered norms and expectations. Individuals may vary on many of the components of gender any may shift genders temporarily or permanently, but they must fit into the limited number of gender statuses their society recognizes. (Lorber, Night To His Day: The Social Construction of Gender, For Individuals, Gender Means Sameness, Page 463) ...a defining feature of reality construction is to see our world as being the only possible one. (Kessler Many people dont realize that gender is a socially constructed accomplishment. People make up methods in their heads about ways that people should be and if one doesnt act they way the other person deems that one should, then they do not fit into that persons reality. Every society classifies people as girl and boy children... (Lorber, Night To His Day: The Social Construction of Gender, Page 460) People always try to guess what gender a person is. If one doesnt know and is unsure of anothers gender than they keep on looking at them trying to find clues on about that persons g...

Anne Moody essays

Anne Moody essays Anne Moody's "Coming of Age in Mississippi" was altogether insightful into the life of an African-American raised in the deep south during the civil rights movement. It gave us a look at what many sacrificed in order to achieve civil rights for all. I believe this book achieved its goal of telling of one woman's struggle for her basic rights in a hostile environment. This book begins with the life of its author. She starts out as basically a slave child on a farm in Mississippi. She tells of her parents lives, how they went to the fields at sun up and came back from them at sundown. She describes her abusive cousin, George Lee, and tells of a few traumatic childhood experiences. She goes on describing where her mother and fathers marital problems began, which leads to their separation and her father moving in with another woman. This is where her hardships begin for her. Throughout her childhood she is a timid, poor little girl who is afraid to even ask her mother questions about what is going on around her. Anne tells of their staple diet, beans and bread, which was just enough to keep her alive. I cannot possibly imagine what it is like to be on the brink of starvation. Although a timid, shy, little girl, Anne does show a spark of intensity through her schoolwork. She is very competitive and driven to do well in school. This is the fuel which will later feed her fire to participate in the Movement. This want for an education is also a rather new trait for black women of her time. She is already a sort of radical as a child and does not even know it yet. As she grows older her mother begins a relationship with a black man from town named Raymond. She talks of her mother being pregnant and her realizing how babies are brought into the world. Anne describes her mother's mood swings and what I see as emotional depression while seeing Raymond and not living with him. Anne, her mother, brother, and sister even...

Abroad and Overseas

Abroad and Overseas Abroad and Overseas Abroad and Overseas By Maeve Maddox Lucia Waterman asks: What is the difference between abroad and overseas? When use it? As adverbs meaning out of ones own country, abroad and overseas are used interchangeably, as can be seen in these headlines and the text that follows them: Renewable energy money still going abroad, despite criticism from Congress Money from the 2009 stimulus bill to help support the renewable energy industry continues to flow overseas†¦ Lawyer Barred from Going Abroad Authorities ban a Chinese rights lawyer from traveling overseas. Overseas and abroad can also be used as adjectives, but overseas is used before a noun, while abroad always comes after the word it describes. In an increasingly global economy, overseas employment is becoming a realistic alternative for many people. Thin U.S. job market translates study abroad into work abroad Heres a headline that manages to use both overseas and abroad as adjectives to describe the same noun: Overseas Jobs Abroad, International Jobs in Caribbean Cayman Islands As adverbs, overseas and abroad are not always interchangeable. Travelers from the United States to Canada or Mexico can be said to be going abroad, but it would make little sense to say that they are going overseas. Want to improve your English in five minutes a day? Get a subscription and start receiving our writing tips and exercises daily! Keep learning! Browse the Vocabulary category, check our popular posts, or choose a related post below:Regarding Re:Five Spelling Rules for "Silent Final E"Phrasal Verbs and Phrasal Nouns

Masculinity Representation in Films Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2000 words

Masculinity Representation in Films - Essay Example 54). However, at times, when these action heroes start going back to the action roles that brought them into the limelight, in some instances, several years down the line, scholars extend their ignorance and overlook the fundamental divinity of age as they discuss the hard bodies of these hegemonic heroes (Bould 2005, p. 39). As such, this paper intends to analyse the representation of masculinity in one of the Die Hard films, namely Die Hard 2. The analysis will be drawn by references to the works of Mulvey (1974), Neale (1983) and Tasker (2004). Masculinity as a spectacle merely depicts an idea of opinion which a filmmaker tends to deliver to the audiences. This depiction merely involves physical prowess, sexual virility and aggression (Rzepka and Horsley 2010, p. 61). These are potentially bewildering images of action heroes. With that in mind, it is interesting to note that this hegemonic ideal is not only hard to create but also implausible to maintain for the contemporary male. Therefore, the figure that depicts powerful masculinity may only exist or be embodied in legendary heroes, mythical figures and a minute number of males within a society (West and Lay 2003, p. 27). Die Hard 2 is a story revolving around a police officer who lives in New York. The movie begins when on the eve of Christmas he visits his ‘distanced’ wife, who lives in Los Angeles. Upon his arrival, he finds her and the rest of her work colleagues having a Christmas party at the building in which they work (Gates 2006 p. 35). Coincidentally, some criminals posing as political terrorists invade the building, demanding the release of war criminals who are jailed in an American penitentiary facility. John McLane works as a New York law enforcement officer. He stays far away from his wife and has some unresolved issues; it is partly due to them that he is not on good terms with his wife (Rzepka and Horsley 2010, p. 89). He is a masculine character with virile physical prowess and social dominance. Another important aspect is the high level of aggression noted among these heroes. Prior studies undertaken concerning the subject matter of Hollywood’s presentation of male genres have characterised Die Hard 2 as a male-driven action movie. The audiences of this movie will not find it difficult to spot the genre of the movie, i.e. male-driven. This is visible and prominent in the case of presentation of the lead hero as a macho man (Milestone and Meyer 2012, p. 50). This is because of his spectacular ability to wrestle his enemies, which is a trait of a hero from a movie of the male-driven genre. Indeed, extant studies and research from a feminist perspective clearly state that the physical masculinity of an action hero gives a preferential tone for the action narrative (Carroll 2003, p. 79). An analysis of Die Hard 2 highlights that movie directors focus on physicality in such action heroes as John McLane, and the way they display their bodies forms a vital ingredient of the visual effects (Gates 2006, p. 58). Several suggestions are that American action films strive, frequently at the expense of developing the narrative, to contrive situations or instances for displaying the body of an action hero. Ideally, extant literature that examines both the hegemonic male and the action hero